Clinical implications of Biomarkers in Periodontal Disease

The earlier a disease is detected and diagnosed, the more likely it is that appropriate treatment will be administered, thus reducing the severity of the disease. Early detection is therefore vital for implementing effective clinical treatment. The transfer of diagnostic methods from laboratory to clinical use is increasingly used in the prevention and monitoring of the exacerbation and treatment of periodontal disease, as well as its impact on systemic disease. The need exists for an innovative diagnostic instrument with the capability of detecting real-time changes in the Periodontium. Oral fluids, such as Gingival Crevicular fluid and saliva, have emerged as potential supplemental diagnostic tools. Saliva is a fluid rich in serum albumin and in antimicrobial and immunomodulary proteins, which contribute to mucosal lubrication, tooth-structure buffering and overall maintenance of the integrity of the oral cavity.