Modern insecticides and pests control

Undoubtedly, pesticides play a vital role in food security. So, it badly needs new classes of pesticides used against pests. Conventional pesticides such as chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphates, carbamates and pyrethroids have many side effects against nontarget organisms such as humans, birds, fish, bees...etc. The main target of these new classes is reducing the insecticide hazard against nontarget organisms and increasing the insecticide efficacy against the treated pests. These new pesticides classes include neonicotinoids, oxadiazines, diamides, ketoenols, phenylpyrazoles, pyridines, flonicamid, METI (Mitochondrial Electron Transport Inhibitor) acaricides, diafentiuron, tetrazines, thiazolidinones, oxazolines, and insecticides from soil microorganisms such as avermectins, milbemycins, spinosyns, pyrrole insecticides and insect growth regulators (IGRs). Other new herbicides and fungicides are also synthesized. This work demonstrated that the chemical structures, mode of action, pests target and toxicity against the nontarget organisms